BOOK XIII. TSZE-LU.

【第一章】【一節】子路問政。子曰、先之、勞之。【二節】請益。曰、無

倦。

【第二章】【一節】仲弓為李氏

CHAP. I. 1. Tsze-lu asked about government. The Master

said, 'Go before the people with your example, and be laborious

in their affairs.'

2. He requested further instruction, and was answered,

'Be not weary (in these things).'

CHAP. II. 1. Chung-kung, being chief minister to the Head

of the Chi family, asked about government. The Master said,

'Employ

宰、問政。子曰、先有司、赦小過、舉賢才。【二節】曰、焉知賢才而舉之。

曰、舉爾所知、爾所不知、人其舍諸。

【第三章】【一節】子路曰、衛君待子而為政、子將奚先。【二節】子曰、

必也、正名乎。【三節】子路曰、有是哉、子之迂也、奚其正。【四節】子

曰、野哉、由也、君子於其所不知、蓋闕如也。【五節】名不

first the services of your various officers, pardon small faults,

and raise to office men of virtue and talents.'

2. Chung-kung said, 'How shall I know the men of virtue

and talent, so that I may raise them to office?' He was

answered, 'Raise to office those whom you know. As to those

whom you do not know, will others neglect them?'

CHAP. III. 1. Tsze-lu said, 'The ruler of Wei has been

waiting for you, in order with you to administer the

government. What will you consider the first thing to be done?'

2. The Master replied, 'What is necessary is to rectify

names.'

3. 'So, indeed!' said Tsze-lu. 'You are wide of the mark!

Why must there be such rectification?'

4. The Master said, 'How uncultivated you are, Yu! A

superior man, in regard to what he does not know, shows a

cautious reserve.

5. 'If names be not correct, language is not in accordance

with

正、則言不順、言不順、則事不成。【六節】事不成、則禮樂不興、禮樂不

興、則刑罰不中、刑罰不中、則民無所措手足。【七節】故君子名之必可言

也、言之必可行也、君子於其言、無所茍而已矣。

【第四章】【一節】樊遲請學稼。子曰、吾不如老農。請學為圃。曰、

the truth of things. If language be not in accordance with the

truth of things, affairs cannot be carried on to success.

6. 'When affairs cannot be carried on to success,

proprieties and music will not flourish. When proprieties and

music do not flourish, punishments will not be properly

awarded. When punishments are not properly awarded, the

people do not know how to move hand or foot.

7. 'Therefore a superior man considers it necessary that

the names he uses may be spoken appropriately, and also that

what he speaks may be carried out appropriately. What the

superior man requires, is just that in his words there may be

nothing incorrect.'

CHAP. IV. 1. Fan Ch'ih requested to be taught husbandry.

The Master said, 'I am not so good for that as an old

husbandman.' He

吾不如老圃。【二節】樊遲出。子曰、小人哉、樊須也。【三節】上好禮、

則民莫敢不敬、上好義、則民莫敢不服、上好信、則民莫敢不用情、夫如是、

則四方之民、襁負其子而至矣、焉用稼。

【第五章】子曰、誦詩三百、授之以政、不達、使於四方、不能專對、雖多、

亦奚以為。

requested also to be taught gardening, and was answered, 'I am

not so good for that as an old gardener.'

2. Fan Ch'ih having gone out, the Master said, 'A small

man, indeed, is Fan Hsu!

3. If a superior love propriety, the people will not dare

not to be reverent. If he love righteousness, the people will not

dare not to submit to his example. If he love good faith, the

people will not dare not to be sincere. Now, when these things

obtain, the people from all quarters will come to him, bearing

their children on their backs;-- what need has he of a

knowledge of husbandry?'

CHAP. V. The Master said, 'Though a man may be able to

recite the three hundred odes, yet if, when intrusted with a

governmental charge, he knows not how to act, or if, when sent

to any quarter on a mission, he cannot give his replies

unassisted, notwithstanding the extent of his learning, of what

practical use is it?'

【第六章】子曰、其身正、不令而行、其身不正、雖令不從。

【第七章】子曰、魯衛之政、兄弟也。

【第八章】子謂衛公子荊善居室、始有、曰、苟合矣、少有、曰、苟完矣、

富有、曰、苟美矣。

【第九章】【一節】子適衛、冉有僕。【二節】子曰、庶矣哉。【三節】冉

有曰、既庶矣、

CHAP. VI. The Master said, 'When a prince's personal

conduct is correct, his government is effective without the

issuing of orders. If his personal conduct is not correct, he may

issue orders, but they will not be followed.'

CHAP. VII. The Master said, 'The governments of Lu and

Wei are brothers.'

CHAP. VIII. The Master said of Ching, a scion of the ducal

family of Wei, that he knew the economy of a family well.

When he began to have means, he said, 'Ha! here is a

collection!' When they were a little increased, he said, 'Ha! this

is complete!' When he had become rich, he said, 'Ha! this is

admirable!'

CHAP. IX. 1. When the Master went to Wei, Zan Yu acted

as driver of his carriage.

2. The Master observed, 'How numerous are the people!'

3. Yu said, 'Since they are thus numerous, what more

shall be done for them?' 'Enrich them,' was the reply.

又何加焉。曰、富之。【四節】曰、既富矣、又何加焉。曰、教之。

【第十章】子曰、苟有用我者、（上其下月, ji1）月而已可也、三年有成。

子曰、善人為邦百年、亦可以媵殘去殺矣、誠哉是言也。

【十二章】子曰、如有王者、必世而後仁。

4. 'And when they have been enriched, what more shall

be done?' The Master said, 'Teach them.'

CHAP. X. The Master said, 'If there were (any of the

princes) who would employ me, in the course of twelve

months, I should have done something considerable. In three

years, the government would be perfected.'

CHAP. XI. The Master said, '"If good men were to govern a

country in succession for a hundred years, they would be able

to transform the violently bad, and dispense with capital

punishments." True indeed is this saying!'

CHAP. XII. The Master said, 'If a truly royal ruler were to

arise, it would still require a generation, and then virtue would

prevail.'

【十三章】子曰、苟正其身矣、於從政乎何有、不能正其身、如正人何。

【十四章】冉子退朝、子曰、何晏也。對曰、有政。子曰、其事也、如有政、

雖不吾

以、吾其與聞之。

【十五章】【一節】定公問一言而可以興邦、有諸。孔子對曰、言不可以若

是其

CHAP. XIII. The Master said, 'If a minister make his own

conduct correct, what difficulty will he have in assisting in

government? If he cannot rectify himself, what has he to do

with rectifying others?'

CHAP. XIV. The disciple Zan returning from the court, the

Master said to him, 'How are you so late?' He replied, 'We had

government business.' The Master said, 'It must have been

family affairs. If there had been government business, though I

am not now in office, I should have been consulted about it.'

CHAP. XV. 1. The Duke Ting asked whether there was a

single sentence which could make a country prosperous.

Confucius replied, 'Such an effect cannot be expected from one

sentence.

幾也。【二節】人之言曰、為君難、為臣不易。【三節】如知為君之難也、

不幾乎一言而興邦乎。【四節】曰、一言而喪邦有諸。孔子對曰、言不可以

若是其幾也、人之言曰、予無樂乎為君、唯其言而莫予違也。【五節】如其

善、而莫之違也、不亦善乎。如不善而莫之違也、不幾乎一言而喪邦乎。

【十六章】【一節】葉公問政。【二節】子曰、近者說、遠

2. 'There is a saying, however, which people have-- "To

be a prince is difficult; to be a minister is not easy."

3. 'If a ruler knows this,-- the difficulty of being a

prince,-- may there not be expected from this one sentence the

prosperity of his country?'

4. The duke then said, 'Is there a single sentence which

can ruin a country?' Confucius replied, 'Such an effect as that

cannot be expected from one sentence. There is, however, the

saying which people have-- "I have no pleasure in being a

prince, but only in that no one can offer any opposition to what

I say!"

5. 'If a ruler's words be good, is it not also good that no

one oppose them? But if they are not good, and no one opposes

them, may there not be expected from this one sentence the

ruin of his country?'

CHAP. XVI. 1. The Duke of Sheh asked about government.

2. The Master said, 'Good government obtains, when those

who are near are made happy, and those who are far off are

attracted.'

者來。

【十七章】子夏為莒父宰、問政。子曰、無欲速、無見小利。欲速則不達、

見小利則大事不成。

【十八章】【一節】葉公語孔子曰、吾黨有直躬者、其父攘羊、而子證之。

【二節】孔子曰、吾黨之直者異於是、父為子隱、子為父隱、直在其中矣。

CHAP. XVII. Tsze-hsia, being governor of Chu-fu, asked

about government. The Master said, 'Do not be desirous to have

things done quickly; do not look at small advantages. Desire to

have things done quickly prevents their being done thoroughly.

Looking at small advantages prevents great affairs from being

accomplished.'

CHAP. XVIII. 1. The Duke of Sheh informed Confucius,

saying, 'Among us here there are those who may be styled

upright in their conduct. If their father have stolen a sheep,

they will bear witness to the fact.'

2. Confucius said, 'Among us, in our part of the country,

those who are upright are different from this. The father

conceals the misconduct of the son, and the son conceals the

misconduct of the father. Uprightness is to be found in this.'

【十九章】樊遲問仁。子曰、居處恭、執事敬、與人忠、雖之夷狄、不可棄

也。

【二十章】【一節】子貢問曰、何如斯可謂之士矣。子曰、行己有恥、使於

四方、不辱君命、可謂士矣。【二節】曰、敢問其次。曰、宗族稱孝焉、鄉

黨稱弟焉。【三節】曰、敢問其次。曰、言必信、行必果、硜硜然、小

CHAP. XIX. Fan Ch'ih asked about perfect virtue. The

Master said, 'It is, in retirement, to be sedately grave; in the

management of business, to be reverently attentive; in

intercourse with others, to be strictly sincere. Though a man go

among rude, uncultivated tribes, these qualities may not be

neglected.'

CHAP. XX. 1. Tsze-kung asked, saying, 'What qualities

must a man possess to entitle him to be called an officer? The

Master said, 'He who in his conduct of himself maintains a

sense of shame, and when sent to any quarter will not disgrace

his prince's commission, deserves to be called an officer.'

3. Tsze-kung pursued, 'I venture to ask who may be

placed in the next lower rank?' And he was told, 'He whom the

circle of his relatives pronounce to be filial, whom his fellow-

villagers and neighbours pronounce to be fraternal.'

3. Again the disciple asked, 'I venture to ask about the

class still next in order.' The Master said, 'They are determined

to be sincere in what they say, and to carry out what they do.

They are obstinate little men. Yet perhaps they may make the

next class.'

人哉、抑亦可以為次矣。【四節】曰、今之從政者何如。子曰、噫、斗筲之

人、何足算也。

【廿一章】子曰、不得中行而與之、必也狂狷乎、狂者進取、狷者有所不為

也。

【廿二章】【一節】子曰、南人有言曰、人而無恆、不可以作巫醫、善夫。

【二節】不恆其德、或承之

4. Tsze-kung finally inquired, 'Of what sort are those of

the present day, who engage in government?' The Master said

'Pooh! they are so many pecks and hampers, not worth being

taken into account.'

CHAP. XXI. The Master said, 'Since I cannot get men

pursuing the due medium, to whom I might communicate my

instructions, I must find the ardent and the cautiously-decided.

The ardent will advance and lay hold of truth; the cautiously-

decided will keep themselves from what is wrong.'

CHAP. XXII. 1. The Master said, 'The people of the south

have a saying-- "A man without constancy cannot be either a

wizard or a doctor." Good!

2. 'Inconstant in his virtue, he will be visited with

disgrace.'

羞。【三節】子曰、不占而已矣。

【廿三章】子曰、君子和而不同、小人同而不和。

【廿四章】子貢問曰、鄉人皆好之、何如。子曰、未可也。鄉人皆惡之、何

如。子曰、未可也。不如鄉人之善者好之、其不善者惡之。

【廿五章】子曰、君子易事而難說也、說之不以道、不說也、及

3. The Master said, 'This arises simply from not attending

to the prognostication.'

CHAP. XXIII. The Master said, 'The superior man is

affable, but not adulatory; the mean man is adulatory, but not

affable.'

CHAP. XXIV. Tsze-kung asked, saying, 'What do you say

of a man who is loved by all the people of his neighborhood?'

The Master replied, 'We may not for that accord our approval

of him.' 'And what do you say of him who is hated by all the

people of his neighborhood?' The Master said, 'We may not for

that conclude that he is bad. It is better than either of these

cases that the good in the neighborhood love him, and the bad

hate him.'

CHAP. XXV. The Master said, 'The superior man is easy to

serve and difficult to please. If you try to please him in any

way which is not accordant with right, he will not be pleased.

But in his

其使人也、器之。小人難事而易說也、說之雖不以道、說也、及其使人也、

求備焉。

【廿六章】子曰、君子泰而不驕、小人驕而不泰。

【廿七章】子曰、剛、毅、木、訥、近仁。

【廿八章】子路問曰、何如斯可謂之士矣。子曰、切切、偲偲、怡怡如也、

可謂士矣、朋友切切偲偲、兄弟怡怡。

employment of men, he uses them according to their capacity.

The mean man is difficult to serve, and easy to please. If you

try to please him, though it be in a way which is not accordant

with right, he may be pleased. But in his employment of men,

he wishes them to be equal to everything.'

CHAP. XXVI. The Master said, 'The superior man has a

dignified ease without pride. The mean man has pride without

a dignified ease.'

CHAP. XXVII. The Master said, 'The firm, the enduring,

the simple, and the modest are near to virtue.'

CHAP. XXVIII. Tsze-lu asked, saying, 'What qualities must

a man possess to entitle him to be called a scholar?' The Master

said, 'He must be thus,-- earnest, urgent, and bland:-- among

his friends, earnest and urgent; among his brethren, bland.'

【廿九章】子曰、善人教民七年、亦可以即戎矣。

【三十章】子曰、以不教民戰、是謂棄之。

CHAP. XXIX. The Master said, 'Let a good man teach the

people seven years, and they may then likewise be employed

in war.'

CHAP. XXX. The Master said, 'To lead an uninstructed

people to war, is to throw them away.'

憲問第十四